Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: The Facts, Stats, and You

Modern society has provided us with some exceptional things: advanced technologies, instantaneous communication, and a developed infrastructure in many areas of our lives. It has also given us the ability to repair health issues like abdominal aortic aneurysms with little complication and no open surgery.

An abdominal aortic aneurysm is an enlargement or weak area in the main blood vessel that carries blood from the heart to the rest of the body. An aneurysm of this area is caused by a breakdown of the lining of the vessel. The vessel lining gets weaker, primarily due to age and other risk factors, and consequentially becomes thinner. Eventually, the wall expands and this expansion is the aneurysm.

The Stats
Based on 2011 statistics from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC):

• Rupture of an AAA carries a risk of death up to 90%
• AAA is more common in men and in people ages 65 and up
• Smoking is associated with a 3-to-5 fold increase in the prevalence of abdominal aortic aneurysms

Symptoms of an AAA are felt once the vessel has ruptured, or is leaking. These symptoms can include:

• pain in the abdomen or back
• clammy skin
• nausea and vomiting
• rapid heart rate
• shock

Treatment of AAA comes in two procedure options: open surgical or endovascular repair, with endovascular becoming the preferred choice due to the minimal invasion it requires. The endovascular repair process involves sealing off the aneurysm by placing a graft inside the diseased aorta, allowing blood to flow through freely. This procedure, typically taking one to three hours, is done by Dr. Paul Jones at Franciscan Physicians Hospital.

Dr. Jones, founder of the Jones Endovascular Institute, is Chief of Cardiovascular Services at Mercy Hospital’s Heart & Vascular Center.

In the traditional or open repair, a large cut is made in the abdomen. The vessel is then replaced with a graft made of synthetic material, such as Dacron.

Alternatively, endovascular treatment is done with some of the most definitive imaging machines and catheterization (cath) labs available. Franciscan Physicians Hospital recently completed construction of a new cath lab, the Philips Allura Xper FD20. This lab provides Dr. Jones and his cardiovascular team with the best ability to repair AAA cases, among many other things.

For more information on AAA procedures and a complete online health library, visit our A.D.A.M. Online Health Library.